锟絏锟斤拷锟絩(sh锟斤拷)效锟斤拷(qi锟斤拷ng)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷處锟斤拷 锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絏锟斤拷

未锟斤拷锟絴(zh锟斤拷)處锟斤拷锟絏锟斤拷锟斤拷(锟絏锟较斤拷)锟侥時(sh锟斤拷)效锟斤拷(qi锟斤拷ng)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷M(j锟斤拷n)锟叫猴拷锟斤拷傻锟�锟斤拷
锟斤拷锟斤拷
锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(j锟斤拷ng)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷X锟较斤拷锟斤拷(qi锟斤拷ng)锟斤拷锟斤拷硬锟斤拷锟絊锟絩(sh锟斤拷)锟絞锟斤拷锟絃(zh锟斤拷ng)锟斤拷锟絣(f锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟紷锟斤拷锟斤拷叩默F(xi锟斤拷n)锟斤拷Q之锟斤拷r(sh锟斤拷)效锟斤拷也锟絈锟絏锟较斤拷臅r(sh锟斤拷)效硬锟斤拷锟斤拷锟紷锟斤拷锟絏锟较斤拷锟斤拷(qi锟斤拷ng)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷要锟斤拷锟斤拷之一锟斤拷
锟斤拷锟斤拷
锟斤拷锟斤拷锟缴讹拷锟絰锟斤拷知锟斤拷锟絏锟较斤拷r(sh锟斤拷)效锟斤拷(qi锟斤拷ng)锟斤拷锟斤拷前锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟組(j锟斤拷n)锟叫达拷锟�锟斤拷锟紷锟斤拷飽和嗭拷锟斤拷M锟斤拷锟斤拷锟节匡拷锟斤拷锟斤拷@锟矫的癸拷锟斤拷锟絯锟斤拷锟斤拷锟紿锟斤拷锟絴(zh锟斤拷)原锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絕(gu锟斤拷)飽和的ｏ拷锟斤拷锟揭匡拷位(锟斤拷锟絯锟絚(di锟斤拷n)缺锟斤拷)也锟斤拷锟絕(gu锟斤拷)飽和碉拷锟斤拷锟斤拷處锟斤拷锟絧锟斤拷锟絕(gu锟斤拷)飽和狅拷B(t锟斤拷i)锟斤拷锟斤拷(j锟斤拷ng)锟叫撅拷锟斤拷知锟斤拷锟絏锟较斤拷锟斤拷锟教庯拷锟截讹拷越锟斤拷锟斤拷處锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絕(gu锟斤拷)飽和程讹拷也越锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(j锟斤拷ng)锟絩(sh锟斤拷)效锟斤拷a(ch锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟侥時(sh锟斤拷)效锟斤拷(qi锟斤拷ng)锟斤拷效锟斤拷也越锟斤拷锟斤拷斯锟斤拷锟教庯拷锟截讹拷锟絰锟斤拷原锟絫锟角ｏ拷锟节憋拷锟紺锟较斤拷锟絕(gu锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷前锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷處锟斤拷囟缺M锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷
锟斤拷锟斤拷
锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷處锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷X锟较斤拷锟斤拷锟揭溫伙拷某一锟截讹拷锟铰凤拷锟矫時(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟絣(f锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟絩(sh锟斤拷)效锟絕(gu锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絕(gu锟斤拷)锟教岋拷(sh锟斤拷)锟絴(zh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟角第讹拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絕(gu锟斤拷)飽和癸拷锟斤拷锟絯锟叫筹拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絕(gu锟斤拷)锟教★拷锟紷锟絅锟絕(gu锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷通锟絕(gu锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟酵猴拷锟絃(zh锟斤拷ng)锟斤拷锟組(j锟斤拷n)锟叫碉拷锟斤拷锟斤拷一锟絅锟経(ku锟斤拷)散锟酵的固態(t锟斤拷i)锟斤拷變锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷M(j锟斤拷n)锟叫ｏ拷a锟絕(gu锟斤拷)→G.P锟絕(q锟斤拷)→θ’’锟斤拷→θ’锟斤拷→θ锟斤拷影響時(sh锟斤拷)效锟斤拷(qi锟斤拷ng)锟斤拷效锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷些锟斤拷
锟斤拷锟斤拷
锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絩(sh锟斤拷)效锟角帮拷一锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷M(j锟斤拷n)锟叫的ｏ拷锟斤拷(qi锟斤拷ng)锟斤拷效锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷影锟�锟斤拷
锟斤拷锟斤拷
锟斤拷锟斤拷(1)锟絩(sh锟斤拷)效锟截讹拷锟斤拷锟教讹拷锟絩(sh锟斤拷)效锟絩(sh锟斤拷)锟絞锟斤拷锟斤拷(du锟斤拷)同一锟缴分的合斤拷锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟絩(sh锟斤拷)效锟截讹拷锟絚锟絩(sh锟斤拷)效锟斤拷(qi锟斤拷ng)锟斤拷效锟斤拷(硬锟斤拷)之锟絞锟絇(gu锟斤拷n)系锟斤拷锟斤拷某一锟絩(sh锟斤拷)效锟截度時(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟杰獲锟斤拷锟絕锟斤拷硬锟斤拷效锟斤拷锟斤拷锟紷锟斤拷(g锟斤拷)锟截度稱锟斤拷锟絕锟窖時(sh锟斤拷)效锟截讹拷锟斤拷锟斤拷同锟缴分的合斤拷@锟斤拷锟絕锟斤拷r(sh锟斤拷)效锟斤拷(qi锟斤拷ng)锟斤拷效锟斤拷锟侥時(sh锟斤拷)效锟截讹拷锟角诧拷同锟斤拷锟斤拷锟統(t锟斤拷ng)計(j锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絕锟窖時(sh锟斤拷)效锟截讹拷锟絚锟较斤拷锟斤拷锟絚(di锟斤拷n)之锟絞锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絇(gu锟斤拷n)系锟斤拷T0=(0.5–0.6)T
锟斤拷锟斤拷
锟斤拷锟斤拷(2)锟絩(sh锟斤拷)效锟絩(sh锟斤拷)锟絞锟斤拷硬锟斤拷锟絚锟斤拷(qi锟斤拷ng)锟饺凤拷值锟斤拷锟紽(xi锟斤拷n)锟斤拷θ’’锟斤拷锟侥╋拷诤锟�θ’锟絕(gu锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷某锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷θ’锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絕(gu锟斤拷)锟絩(sh锟斤拷)效锟斤拷锟絖始軟锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(d锟斤拷ng)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟紽(xi锟斤拷n)θ锟斤拷锟絩(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷軟锟斤拷锟窖非筹拷锟斤拷(y锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷一锟斤拷锟侥時(sh锟斤拷)效锟截度冿拷(n锟斤拷i)锟斤拷锟斤拷@锟斤拷锟絕锟斤拷r(sh锟斤拷)效锟斤拷(qi锟斤拷ng)锟斤拷效锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(y锟斤拷ng)锟斤拷一锟絕锟窖時(sh锟斤拷)效锟絩(sh锟斤拷)锟絞锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷θ’’锟絘(ch锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷θ’锟紻(zhu锟斤拷n)變锟絩(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷臅r(sh锟斤拷)锟絞锟斤拷
锟斤拷锟斤拷
锟斤拷锟斤拷(3)锟斤拷锟截讹拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷洳匡拷s锟劫度和达拷锟斤拷D(zhu锟斤拷n)锟狡時(sh锟斤拷)锟絞锟斤拷锟斤拷(sh锟斤拷)锟絗锟紺锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟截讹拷越锟竭ｏ拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絪锟劫讹拷越锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷g锟紻(zhu锟斤拷n)锟狡時(sh锟斤拷)锟絞越锟教ｏ拷锟斤拷锟紷锟矫的癸拷锟斤拷锟絯锟絕(gu锟斤拷)飽和程讹拷越锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絩(sh锟斤拷)效锟組(j锟斤拷n)锟叫猴拷(qi锟斤拷ng)锟斤拷效锟斤拷越锟斤拷
锟斤拷锟斤拷
锟斤拷锟斤拷(4)锟絩(sh锟斤拷)效锟斤拷藝锟斤拷锟絩(sh锟斤拷)效锟斤拷锟絰锟轿硷拷(j锟斤拷)锟斤拷旨锟�(j锟斤拷)锟絩(sh锟斤拷)效锟斤拷锟轿硷拷(j锟斤拷)锟絩(sh锟斤拷)效指锟斤拷锟揭溫伙拷锟斤拷锟�100锟斤拷囟锟斤拷锟斤拷M(j锟斤拷n)锟叫的時(sh锟斤拷)效锟絕(gu锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷藝锟斤拷(ji锟斤拷n)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟組锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟皆差，锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(qi锟斤拷ng)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(qi锟斤拷ng)锟饺★拷锟絣锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(qi锟斤拷ng)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(y锟斤拷ng)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絞锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟杰猴拷锟統锟矫碉拷锟斤拷锟矫碉拷锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟街硷拷(j锟斤拷)锟絩(sh锟斤拷)效锟斤拷锟节诧拷同锟截讹拷锟斤拷锟組(j锟斤拷n)锟叫兩次時(sh锟斤拷)效锟斤拷锟轿時(sh锟斤拷)效锟斤拷
锟斤拷锟斤拷
5083锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絏锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟藉優(y锟斤拷u)锟斤拷(sh锟斤拷)
5083锟絏锟较斤拷锟角革拷锟絍锟较斤拷,锟节诧拷锟缴燂拷處锟斤拷锟较斤拷锟叫忥拷(qi锟斤拷ng)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絞锟皆★拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟�(y锟斤拷ng)锟絆锟斤拷處锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷^锟斤拷電伙拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷5083锟较斤拷锟叫碉拷锟斤拷要锟较斤拷元锟截烇拷锟絍锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟矫的匡拷锟絞锟斤拷锟絚锟缴猴拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟皆硷拷锟叫等忥拷(qi锟斤拷ng)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(y锟斤拷u)锟斤拷锟侥匡拷锟斤拷锟絞锟斤拷锟斤拷使5083锟较斤拷锟絍锟斤拷锟斤拷锟节猴拷锟斤拷锟斤拷途锟界船锟斤拷锟斤拷锟皆硷拷锟斤拷車锟斤拷锟絯锟紺(j锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟接硷拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟紽锟絧軌锟斤拷